Jumat, 01 Februari 2008
Untuk Ibu
“UNTUK IBU”
vocal : s u l i s
lagu : yuyun ayunda
lirik :haydar yahya / yuyun yunda
penata musik : Anwar Fauzi
Aku tak kan pernah rasakan tulus cinta
bila tak ada kasih sayang suci ibuIbu tersenyum dalam duka pahit dunia
selalu nyatakan cinta demi sukakuselalu berikan cinta untuk aku
Reff
Reff
Kupanjatkan padaMu Tuhan berikan selalu kasih
Mulimpahkan kasih dan sayangMu untuk ibu
kumohonkan padaMu Tuhan berikan selalu cintaMu
karena hanya Engkau yang dapat kabulkan do’a
Aku seringkali bertanya-tanya
Aku seringkali bertanya-tanya
mungkinkah ada cinta suci tulus seperti cintanya
selalu nyatakan cinta dalam dukanya
selalu berikan cinta dalam deritanya
===========
Persiapan Menghadapi Ujian oleh Eko Saputra, S.Kom
Persiapan Menghadapi Ujian
A. Eko Agus Saputra, S.Kom
Untuk melakukan ujian dengan baik, mula-mula kamu harus mempelajari dan melakukan review materi sebelum ujian. Berikut adalah beberapa teknik untuk memahami materi ujian dengan lebih baik:
Belajar - Pasca Belajar
Review catatanmu segera setelah kelas.
Review catatanmu dengan singkat sebelum masuk kelas kembali.
Jadwalkan waktu yang agak lama untuk review catatan tersebut setiap minggunya
Review
Atur catatan, teks dan tugas-tugasmu.
Perkirakan waktu yang kamu butuhkan untuk melakukan review.
Buatlah jadwal review yang terdiri dari waktu dan bahan materi.
Ujilah dirimu sendiri dengan materi tersebut.
Selesaikan belajarmu sehari sebelum ujian dimulai.
Menulis Esai
Menulis Esai
"It was a dark and stormy night"...Good writing takes enormous concentration.Snoopy/C. Schulz, 1988 American
Menulis sebuah esai atau makalah, tanpa mempedulikan topiknya, adalah sebuah proses:
Bangun dan definisikan topikmuTuliskan tema atau topik utama esaimu dalam satu atau dua kalimat paling banyak.
Tentukan pembaca esaimuApakah yang membaca esaimu adalah dosen yang memberi nilai atau asisten dosen?Teman sekelasmu yang akan memberikan kritikan? Sekelompok profesional untuk review? Sekelompok profesional untuk review? Ingatlah akan pembaca ini selama kamu menulis esai
Rencanakan kurun waktuBuat suatu kurun waktu penulisan esai, dan antisipasi adanya perkembangan topik esaimu dan revisi. Seringkali suatu esai yang sempurna adalah esai yang direvisi setelah selesai dibuat.
Kumpulkan bahan-bahanOrang: dosen, asisten dosen, pustakawan, ahli dalam bidang, profesionalReferensi: buku teks, rekomendasi kerja, web site, majalah, buku harian, laporan profesional
Riset: baca, wanwancara, eksperimen, kumpul data-data, dll. dan catat selengkap mungkin. Gunakan kartu indek atau word processing.
Organisasi catatanmu dengan menulis dahulu di kertas lain:fokus pada bebas menulis, petaan, and/atau garis besarnya.
Buatlah esai pertamamu (rough draft)Tentukan bagaimana kamu mengembangkan argumentasi: Gunakan logika yang baik dalam argumentasi untuk membantu mengembangkan tema dan/atau mendukung tema. Apakah kamu akan membuat perbandingan atau definisi? Apakah kamu akan mengfritik atau menjelaskan?
Pedoman Belajar.
Paragraf pertama
Kenalkan topikmu!
Beritahukan pandanganmu kepada pembaca!
Rangsang pembaca menyelesaikan membaca esaimu!
Fokuskan pada tiga poin untuk kemudian
Paragraf pertama biasanya paling sulit dikerjakan. Bila kamu menemui masalah, biarkanlah dan usahakan untuk menulisnya ulang nanti, bahkan setelah kamu selesai mengerjakan paragraf terakhir. Akan tetapi perlu diingat bahwa paragraf pertamalah yang menarik perhatian pembaca ke topik dan pendapatmu, serta penting untuk membuat mereka membaca esaimu sampai selesai.he first paragraph is often the most difficult to write.
Isi Esai
Bangunlah alur isi esai dari satu paragraf ke paragraf yang lainnya
Kalimat transisi, klausa, atau kata-kata pada awal paragraf menghubungkan ide pikiran ke ide lainnya. Kalimat-kalimat pokok, juga terdapat pada awal setiap paragraf, menjelaskan ide yang termuat di dalamnya sesuai dengan konteks esai keseluruhan.
Hindari satu atau dua paragraf yang mungkin menunjukkan kurang dikembangkannya poinmu.
Tulis dengan kalimat-kalimat aktif
"Panitia Akademis memutuskan ..." bukan "Telah diputuskan oleh ..."
Hindari pemakaian kata kerja "menjadi" untuk presentasi yang jelas, dinamis dan efektif.(Hindari pemakaian kata kerja "menjadi" dan presentasimu efektif, jelas dan dinamis.)
Menghindari "menjadi" berarti penggunaan kalimat pasif akan berkurang.
Gunakan kutipan untuk mendukung pandanganmu
Kutiplah dan jelaskan secara tepat setiap ungkapan yang dipakai.
Gunakan kutipan dengan gaya blok atau indented secara terpisah karena mereka dapat merusak alur isi esaimu.
Buktikan setiap poin pendapatmu secara berkesinambungan dari awal sampai akhir esai
Jangan meninggalkan fokus utama esaimu.
Jangan langsung meringkas pada isi esaimu. Tunggu sampai pada paragraf kesimpulan.
Kesimpulan
Baca paragraf pertama dan isi esaimu dulu
Ringkas, kemudian simpulkan argumentasimu
Tinjau kembali (sekali lagi) pada paragraf pertama sekaligus isi esai. Apakah paragraf terakhir:
menyatakan ulang tema utama secara singkat?
merefleksikan keberhasilan dan pentingnya argumentasi yang ada pada isi esai?
menyimpulkan isi esai secara logika?
Edit/tulis ulang paragraf pertamaHal ini dapat membuat isi dan kesimpulan esaimu lebih baik.
Ambil satu atau dua hari libur!
Baca kembali esaimu dengan pikiran yang segar dan pensil yang runcingEdit, koreksi dan tulis ulang bila diperlukanKumpulkan esaimu
Rayakan pekerjaan yang telah kamu selesaikan dengan baik (kamu harus percaya ini!).
Kalimat terakhir di atas ini sangat penting.
Paragraf pertama
Kenalkan topikmu!
Beritahukan pandanganmu kepada pembaca!
Rangsang pembaca menyelesaikan membaca esaimu!
Fokuskan pada tiga poin untuk kemudian
Paragraf pertama biasanya paling sulit dikerjakan. Bila kamu menemui masalah, biarkanlah dan usahakan untuk menulisnya ulang nanti, bahkan setelah kamu selesai mengerjakan paragraf terakhir. Akan tetapi perlu diingat bahwa paragraf pertamalah yang menarik perhatian pembaca ke topik dan pendapatmu, serta penting untuk membuat mereka membaca esaimu sampai selesai.he first paragraph is often the most difficult to write.
Isi Esai
Bangunlah alur isi esai dari satu paragraf ke paragraf yang lainnya
Kalimat transisi, klausa, atau kata-kata pada awal paragraf menghubungkan ide pikiran ke ide lainnya. Kalimat-kalimat pokok, juga terdapat pada awal setiap paragraf, menjelaskan ide yang termuat di dalamnya sesuai dengan konteks esai keseluruhan.
Hindari satu atau dua paragraf yang mungkin menunjukkan kurang dikembangkannya poinmu.
Tulis dengan kalimat-kalimat aktif
"Panitia Akademis memutuskan ..." bukan "Telah diputuskan oleh ..."
Hindari pemakaian kata kerja "menjadi" untuk presentasi yang jelas, dinamis dan efektif.(Hindari pemakaian kata kerja "menjadi" dan presentasimu efektif, jelas dan dinamis.)
Menghindari "menjadi" berarti penggunaan kalimat pasif akan berkurang.
Gunakan kutipan untuk mendukung pandanganmu
Kutiplah dan jelaskan secara tepat setiap ungkapan yang dipakai.
Gunakan kutipan dengan gaya blok atau indented secara terpisah karena mereka dapat merusak alur isi esaimu.
Buktikan setiap poin pendapatmu secara berkesinambungan dari awal sampai akhir esai
Jangan meninggalkan fokus utama esaimu.
Jangan langsung meringkas pada isi esaimu. Tunggu sampai pada paragraf kesimpulan.
Kesimpulan
Baca paragraf pertama dan isi esaimu dulu
Ringkas, kemudian simpulkan argumentasimu
Tinjau kembali (sekali lagi) pada paragraf pertama sekaligus isi esai. Apakah paragraf terakhir:
menyatakan ulang tema utama secara singkat?
merefleksikan keberhasilan dan pentingnya argumentasi yang ada pada isi esai?
menyimpulkan isi esai secara logika?
Edit/tulis ulang paragraf pertamaHal ini dapat membuat isi dan kesimpulan esaimu lebih baik.
Ambil satu atau dua hari libur!
Baca kembali esaimu dengan pikiran yang segar dan pensil yang runcingEdit, koreksi dan tulis ulang bila diperlukanKumpulkan esaimu
Rayakan pekerjaan yang telah kamu selesaikan dengan baik (kamu harus percaya ini!).
Kalimat terakhir di atas ini sangat penting.
K. Austin Kerr, Some Tips on Writing Papers for History Courses, Ohio State University.
Kamis, 31 Januari 2008
How Blogger Will Save Journalism
How Blogger Will Save Journalism
How Bloggers Will Save Journalism
By Jason Lee Miller -
Mon, 01/28/2008 - 12:25pm.
The Associated Blogosphere evolves a little more
After declaring (again) the death (or at least the dying) of print, bloggers and academics have clothed their straw man with proposals that include even government subsidies. It's not just print that's in peril, but real, investigative, long-form journalism. But print's not dead yet, neither is the argument, and bloggers might just lead the resuscitation efforts for journalism itself.
The print-is-dead argument is a bit of a straw man because the scarecrow is still awaiting the (tech) wizard to give it life. Fact is, people are still buying newspapers. Fact is, they're still making money, especially small local papers, even if it's less money as the market changes. That means layoffs, and it means some publications with too much overhead shut down.
But dead implies extinction, and I think it might be better to look at it through an evolutionary lens. That is, print must evolve, as journalism must.
A gadget like Amazon's Kindle (once streamlined and less expensive – compare 50 cents to $300) has the potential to transform the way people access the written word. It is conceivable, some time in the distant future, that the newspaper box is replaced with a downloading station near the parking meter – the special parking meter designed not only to take payment via mobile device, but to charge for the space above in addition to the right and left. Talk about double parking.
But that hasn't happened yet, and it will take a while if it ever does.
Though small town newspapers beg to differ about the death of print media, as do collectors of worldwide subscription data who report record numbers, we saw a couple of print casualties in 2007.
But just like in any business, the inability to adapt is often what drives the extinction of a species. In this case, market forces, environments, and technologies are changing much more rapidly than society's habits, or even wants.
There are still romantics out there, even in this generation. People still like their morning newspaper with their coffee; they like to fold up a paper and tuck it under their arm; they still like the smell of books and the look of them on their bookshelves.
At some point, I imagine, there will be new-wave romantics who would rather irradiate themselves with technology than cut down trees to support an old-world way of doing things. Until then, there is market evolution.
The threats to print and long-form journalism are these: market saturation, which dilutes not just audiences, but advertisers; high overhead; craigslist; local search; babies being born right now.
The question, then, is about how to adapt. Some are cutting staff and other costs. Some are closing their print face and going online exclusively. Some are using their online income to supplement their print side. Some are cutting just how investigative they're going to get about news. Some are selling out to conglomerates who are better at adapting, have the resources to adapt, and who have lessened the competition for ad sales by buying up the competition.
And that's a whole mess of problems, especially for the purists – the high-minded academics suddenly very seriously considering government subsidies to save real journalism.
But there's something else going on that's interesting, and may play a role in how the industry evolves. Like I said, the days of print (on paper) are likely numbered, even if the number of days is larger than Silicon Valley might expect. But for long-form journalism there is hope without a government bailout.
» Give us your comments.
What brings it to mind is a catty back-and-forth between three of the preeminent bloggers in the blogosphere: Mike Arrington, Robert Scoble, and Dave Winer. Last week, Arrington labeled Scoble a sellout for breaking down and accepting ads for his blog.
That's some interesting needling when you consider Arrington "sold out" years ago by accepting advertising for his blog, TechCrunch. Winer, the purist, reportedly complained about that development, but more recently has lost interest in the franchise altogether.
The name-calling and backbiting are not what's important here. What is important is why Scoble says he will accept advertising:
Because it will let me hire people to produce more content.
I watched how Mike Arrington turned his blog into something that now employs more than 10 people.
Journalism is under attack because the business models for journalism are disappearing.
Fast Company [Scoble's new employer] told me that they have a great business model that can support more journalism. The magazine’s advertising sales were up 40% last year. They are investing in journalism. In editing. In content.
And there it is, the heart of the evolution. Low overhead, readership, and space to sell are the buds of new life on the tree of journalism. The beauty of online writers is that they don't have to be in-house. They don't have to cost the publisher money in travel fees, if the publisher has successfully employed bloggers (okay, you might call them reporters, now) around the world, right near the action.
Blognation didn’t fail because it was a bad idea. It failed because the founder served up his network of Associated Bloggers a big ol' bucket of fail via dishonesty and inability to secure funding.
What Sam Sethi flubbed (miserably flubbed), the Arringtons and the Scobles of the world (perhaps with a little more vision and ambition, says Winer anyway) will make work, this century's Pulitzers and Hearsts.
And not to pat myself on the back or anything, I did sort of mention the seeds of the Associated Blogosphere back in 2006. Enjoy the rest of spring as the seeds bud, without government intervention, without having to proclaim the death of anything, especially not, if done right, long-form journalism.
By Jason Lee Miller -
Mon, 01/28/2008 - 12:25pm.
The Associated Blogosphere evolves a little more
After declaring (again) the death (or at least the dying) of print, bloggers and academics have clothed their straw man with proposals that include even government subsidies. It's not just print that's in peril, but real, investigative, long-form journalism. But print's not dead yet, neither is the argument, and bloggers might just lead the resuscitation efforts for journalism itself.
The print-is-dead argument is a bit of a straw man because the scarecrow is still awaiting the (tech) wizard to give it life. Fact is, people are still buying newspapers. Fact is, they're still making money, especially small local papers, even if it's less money as the market changes. That means layoffs, and it means some publications with too much overhead shut down.
But dead implies extinction, and I think it might be better to look at it through an evolutionary lens. That is, print must evolve, as journalism must.
A gadget like Amazon's Kindle (once streamlined and less expensive – compare 50 cents to $300) has the potential to transform the way people access the written word. It is conceivable, some time in the distant future, that the newspaper box is replaced with a downloading station near the parking meter – the special parking meter designed not only to take payment via mobile device, but to charge for the space above in addition to the right and left. Talk about double parking.
But that hasn't happened yet, and it will take a while if it ever does.
Though small town newspapers beg to differ about the death of print media, as do collectors of worldwide subscription data who report record numbers, we saw a couple of print casualties in 2007.
But just like in any business, the inability to adapt is often what drives the extinction of a species. In this case, market forces, environments, and technologies are changing much more rapidly than society's habits, or even wants.
There are still romantics out there, even in this generation. People still like their morning newspaper with their coffee; they like to fold up a paper and tuck it under their arm; they still like the smell of books and the look of them on their bookshelves.
At some point, I imagine, there will be new-wave romantics who would rather irradiate themselves with technology than cut down trees to support an old-world way of doing things. Until then, there is market evolution.
The threats to print and long-form journalism are these: market saturation, which dilutes not just audiences, but advertisers; high overhead; craigslist; local search; babies being born right now.
The question, then, is about how to adapt. Some are cutting staff and other costs. Some are closing their print face and going online exclusively. Some are using their online income to supplement their print side. Some are cutting just how investigative they're going to get about news. Some are selling out to conglomerates who are better at adapting, have the resources to adapt, and who have lessened the competition for ad sales by buying up the competition.
And that's a whole mess of problems, especially for the purists – the high-minded academics suddenly very seriously considering government subsidies to save real journalism.
But there's something else going on that's interesting, and may play a role in how the industry evolves. Like I said, the days of print (on paper) are likely numbered, even if the number of days is larger than Silicon Valley might expect. But for long-form journalism there is hope without a government bailout.
» Give us your comments.
What brings it to mind is a catty back-and-forth between three of the preeminent bloggers in the blogosphere: Mike Arrington, Robert Scoble, and Dave Winer. Last week, Arrington labeled Scoble a sellout for breaking down and accepting ads for his blog.
That's some interesting needling when you consider Arrington "sold out" years ago by accepting advertising for his blog, TechCrunch. Winer, the purist, reportedly complained about that development, but more recently has lost interest in the franchise altogether.
The name-calling and backbiting are not what's important here. What is important is why Scoble says he will accept advertising:
Because it will let me hire people to produce more content.
I watched how Mike Arrington turned his blog into something that now employs more than 10 people.
Journalism is under attack because the business models for journalism are disappearing.
Fast Company [Scoble's new employer] told me that they have a great business model that can support more journalism. The magazine’s advertising sales were up 40% last year. They are investing in journalism. In editing. In content.
And there it is, the heart of the evolution. Low overhead, readership, and space to sell are the buds of new life on the tree of journalism. The beauty of online writers is that they don't have to be in-house. They don't have to cost the publisher money in travel fees, if the publisher has successfully employed bloggers (okay, you might call them reporters, now) around the world, right near the action.
Blognation didn’t fail because it was a bad idea. It failed because the founder served up his network of Associated Bloggers a big ol' bucket of fail via dishonesty and inability to secure funding.
What Sam Sethi flubbed (miserably flubbed), the Arringtons and the Scobles of the world (perhaps with a little more vision and ambition, says Winer anyway) will make work, this century's Pulitzers and Hearsts.
And not to pat myself on the back or anything, I did sort of mention the seeds of the Associated Blogosphere back in 2006. Enjoy the rest of spring as the seeds bud, without government intervention, without having to proclaim the death of anything, especially not, if done right, long-form journalism.
Minggu, 27 Januari 2008
Persahabatan
Yohanes Dwi Nugroho
Guru besar Bidang studi Biologi, SMAN 3 BAndar LAmpung
Kepada semua rekan, mitra, sahabat, istri dan ananda Abraham, Ellena dan Jemmy terkasih..
Manusia tidak dapat hidup seorang diri, melakukan hal yang baik menentukan massa depan, meraih kesejahteraan dan mengabdi kepada negara.
Ada banyak usaha dilakukan seseorang untuk meraih persahabatan..karena uang, tahta dan wanita..
persahabatan sejati bukanlah bisnis, politik dan omong kosong..
saling memahami, mengerti dan menyadari segala kelebihan dan kekurangan diri sendiri juga orang lain menentukan nilai dari persahabatan...
Persahabatan suatu rantai yang unik...tidak meminta tumbal atau reward, Ia hanya semata-mata menunjukan suatu ketidak berdayaan tanpa orang lain.
persahabatan tidak dapat di beli, diutang atau digadaikan..
Ia harus diusahakan dan modal utamanya adalah sebuah hati yang bersih, suci dan rasa peduli dengan sesama...
Rantai persahabatan sangat rapuh..rapuh dan rapuh...kekuatan utamanya ada di mulut..kita sendiri....bagai bahtera yang menghadang gelombang...mulut dan hati hanya berjarak 46.333 cm
namun dia bisa berjarak sejauh bumi dan langit...
sahabat....
dimanakah engkau...
jangan kita merasa kesunyian ditengah keramaian...
segala sesuatu yang kita usahakan belum tentu berhasil sukses..tapi tidak ada kesuksesan tanpa kita melakukan sesuatu....
lakukanlah sesuatu....sekarang....
buatlah rantai yang tak mudah putus......
Yohanes Dwi Nugroho
Guru besar Bidang studi Biologi, SMAN 3 BAndar LAmpung
Kepada semua rekan, mitra, sahabat, istri dan ananda Abraham, Ellena dan Jemmy terkasih..
Manusia tidak dapat hidup seorang diri, melakukan hal yang baik menentukan massa depan, meraih kesejahteraan dan mengabdi kepada negara.
Ada banyak usaha dilakukan seseorang untuk meraih persahabatan..karena uang, tahta dan wanita..
persahabatan sejati bukanlah bisnis, politik dan omong kosong..
saling memahami, mengerti dan menyadari segala kelebihan dan kekurangan diri sendiri juga orang lain menentukan nilai dari persahabatan...
Persahabatan suatu rantai yang unik...tidak meminta tumbal atau reward, Ia hanya semata-mata menunjukan suatu ketidak berdayaan tanpa orang lain.
persahabatan tidak dapat di beli, diutang atau digadaikan..
Ia harus diusahakan dan modal utamanya adalah sebuah hati yang bersih, suci dan rasa peduli dengan sesama...
Rantai persahabatan sangat rapuh..rapuh dan rapuh...kekuatan utamanya ada di mulut..kita sendiri....bagai bahtera yang menghadang gelombang...mulut dan hati hanya berjarak 46.333 cm
namun dia bisa berjarak sejauh bumi dan langit...
sahabat....
dimanakah engkau...
jangan kita merasa kesunyian ditengah keramaian...
segala sesuatu yang kita usahakan belum tentu berhasil sukses..tapi tidak ada kesuksesan tanpa kita melakukan sesuatu....
lakukanlah sesuatu....sekarang....
buatlah rantai yang tak mudah putus......
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